@article{oai:kansai-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00018260,
 author = {池田, 進 and 梅津, 倫子},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {関西大学社会学部紀要},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {2つの対象がある時間的・空間的関係のもとで動くとき、観察者は「衝突」事象を見る。これをA.Michotte(1946/1963)は因果性の知覚の一つの形態として報告した。近年では、因果性を含めて衝突事象の力学的特性の知覚の研究が行われている。予備実験では衝突事象を観察して自由に印象を報告させて、収集した結果をいくつかの基準をもうけて分類した。実験1と2では、衝突する2つの図形の速度と重さの評定を行った。実験1では、動いてきて衝突する図形の速度及び重さの印象を基準にして、衝突されて動き始める図形の速度及び重さの印象の比率判断を求めた。実験2では、Natsoulus(1961)や長田(1976)が用いた評定方法を採用して、最初に2つの図形のどちらが速いか（重いか）を判断させ、次にもう一方の図形を基準にしてそれがどれほど速いか（重いか）の比率判断を求めた。実験の結果、従来と同様に｢速い対象は軽く、遅い対象は重い」という関係が得られた。実験1と2とで異なる評定方法を用いることによって2図形のどちらを判断の基準として設定しても評定値に影響が見られないことがわかった。また、面積比の主効果が速度比の条件によって異なる傾向が見られたが、これは、速度比がlaunching effectを起こすような条件であったのかtriggering effectを起こすような条件であったのかに依存するものと考えられた。, When two moving targets are presented in appropriate conditions, collision effects occur. A. Michotte (1946/1963) interpreted them as kinds of perceptual causality. Recently many researches have been done on the perception of kinematic properties which happen in collision events. In our preliminary study some freely-described impressions made by observers on moving targets in collision were collected and a classification of them was made in terms of perceptual properties. In the experiments relative estimates on velocity and weight of the targets were required. In Exp. 1 observers were asked to estimate how much faster / heavier the collided targets were compared to the colliding targets. In Exp. 2 observers first discriminated the faster / heavier ones from the others, and then estimated how much faster / heavier these ones were compared to the others. Despite differences in the ways of comparison the tendencies found were the same: targets that felt faster were felt lighter, the slower the heavier. In Exp. 2 the velocity estimations were affected by the size-ratios of the targets. Conclusions were inferred that they depended on the conditions of relative velocity either of which were causing launching effects or other triggering effects in causal events.},
 pages = {39--91},
 title = {衝突事象の知覚 : 自由報告の分類と実験的分析},
 volume = {34},
 year = {2003}
}