@article{oai:kansai-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001782,
 author = {中谷, 伸生 and Nakatani, Nobuo},
 journal = {関西大学東西学術研究所紀要},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Nichosai, an Osalca artist in the latter part of Edo period, produced a caricature scroll titled 'The Scroll of Hell' (property of the Kansai University Library). The inscription at the beginning states that learning has become popular and people are not frightened by Hell any more, so the King of Hell is flustered. In 21 scenes of Hell, the strange Hells of the present day are described in very amusing ways, beginning with 'the Hell of the Smokers' and concluding with 'the Hell of the Road-horse Drivers'. It is filled with humor and satire, which reflects great credit on him as a caricature artist. The scroll adopts motifs from the medieval period 'Storybook of the Hell'. But the demons in these scenes are not like the medieval period fearful demons but folksy and human ones. The sharp forms drawn in this scroll clearly show the talent of Nichosai as a professional artist. As they are remarkably similar to the sophisticated images presented in his illustrated book 'Ehon Kotozukai' published in the 2nd year of Bunka (1805), it is presumed the work was completed in his late years.},
 pages = {23--48},
 title = {耳鳥齋「別世界巻」},
 volume = {36},
 year = {2003}
}